Intracranial bacterial infection is a common and serious complication in patients with critical neurological diseases.It has a high mortality rate and has adverse effect on the prognosis of patients.For intracranial infection,the application of antibiotics is still an important part,including empirical antibiotic therapy and targeted antibiotic therapy.In addition,cerebrospinal fluid drainage,removal of artificial materials and other surgical methods also play important roles.In view of the high incidence and mortality of intracranial infection,we systematically summarize the diagnosis and treatment of intracranial infection in patients with critical neurological diseases,call for effective measures to prevent intracranial infection and establish effective monitoring and feedback mechanism in the medical wards to reduce the incidence of intracranial infection.